SURGICAL EDUCATION
Surgical Education Articles
All published articles from the Zadeh Surgical education library appear below. The complete Surgical Education hub also includes additional general surgery topic guides.
I Have Gallstones. Now What?
Gallstones found on an ultrasound do not always require surgery. The next step depends on whether they are silent, causing typical attacks, or producing complications.
Read articleRobotic Groin Hernia Surgery in Los Angeles
Robotic groin (inguinal) hernia repair is a minimally invasive approach controlled by the surgeon. Learn what the platform can add and what it cannot promise.
Read article4 Signs of Gallbladder Problems
Four symptom patterns that can point toward gallbladder disease, plus the warning signs that should prompt urgent medical evaluation.
Read articleDo I Have Appendicitis? Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Appendicitis can cause worsening right-lower abdominal pain, nausea, fever and loss of appetite. Learn how it is diagnosed and how treatment is individualized.
Read articleThat Lump Under Your Surgical Scar May Be an Incisional Hernia
A bulge near a prior abdominal incision may be a hernia at the old incision, called an incisional hernia. Learn how it is diagnosed and how current mesh-based repair choices...
Read articleShould You Get a Lumpectomy or Mastectomy?
For many patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), a noninvasive breast cancer, or early-stage breast cancer, lumpectomy plus radiation and mastectomy offer equivalent long-term survival. Here is how the...
Read articleWhat Is an Inguinal Hernia?
An updated guide to groin (inguinal) hernia symptoms, diagnosis, watchful waiting, mesh, and open, laparoscopic, and robotic repair options.
Read articleWhen Is Surgery Considered for Crohn’s Disease?
Crohn’s disease is usually treated medically, but bowel narrowing, abnormal tunnels, pockets of infection, or disease that does not improve enough with medicine can make surgery part of the treatment...
Read articleGallbladder Polyps: Are They Cancer and How Are They Treated?
Most small gallbladder polyps are noncancerous. Learn how size, shape, growth, symptoms, and risk factors influence whether a polyp needs observation, repeat ultrasound, or surgical consultation.
Read articlePilonidal Cyst Symptoms, Treatment, and Surgery
A pilonidal cyst or small skin tunnel can cause pain, drainage, or pockets of infection that keep returning near the tailbone. Learn how sudden infections and ongoing pilonidal disease are...
Read articleDo You Need Repeat Surgery After Lumpectomy?
A close edge, called a margin, after lumpectomy does not always mean another operation is needed. Learn how modern margin standards differ for invasive cancer and ductal carcinoma in situ...
Read articleWhat Is a Laparoscopic Hernia Repair, and Is It Right for You?
Laparoscopic hernia repair is one minimally invasive option. Learn when it can be useful and why open, laparoscopic, and robotic approaches should be chosen patient by patient.
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